Results/Conclusions The preliminary results show that substantial year-to-year variations in crop production were derived from seasonal and interannual climate variability; irrigation and fertilizer application were primary controls over crop yield increase; and the tropospheric ozone could lead to a mean reduction of 5-20% in crop productivity and yield varying among crop types, with the highest reduction rate (about more than 30%) in parts of rain-fed Mid-north China where experienced high ozone concentration and drought in the study period. Our simulation results indicate that practically the improvement of air quality and optimized land management could be an adaptation strategy for climate change, which could increase the crop production and consequently enhance the carbon sequestration capacity in China’s agroecosystems.