Closing summary and final empirical examples

Ecology and evolution interact across many temporal and spatial scales. Here I raise the question of when and where do these eco-evolutionary interactions change our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes and dynamics. I will summarize the previous presentations and use additional empirical examples to a) address the general relevance of eco-evolutionary interactions, b) explore how eco-evolutionary interactions propagate though the food web, and c) highlight the current limitations to studying eco-evolutionary interactions.