Influence of human activity on the distribution of mammals in rainforests on the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua

Background/Question/Methods As we humans extend our reach deeper into the last wild places on Earth, our influence on the distribution and abundance of organisms in these locations is increasing. In tropical rainforests, where habitat destruction and hunting pose major threats to wildlife, mammalian assemblages are particularly sensitive to human activities. We studied the distribution of mammals on Nicaragua’s Caribbean Coast over a three year period using a grid of camera traps in forests adjacent to twelve small human settlements. 

Results/Conclusions Several variables related to the settlements and human activity had effects on occupancy levels for mammals such as agoutis (Dasyprocta punctata) and paca (Cuniculus paca). Although significant habitat degradation has occurred and hunting remains a threat, we found surprisingly widespread distributions of larger mammals such as Baird’s tapir (Tapirus bairdii) and jaguars (Panthera onca). This region still has great potential as wildlife habitat and a genetic corridor, but the rapid increases in human activity threatens this last wild place.