PS 9-87
An objective approach to select soil CO2 concentration measurement depths when using the gradient method to measure soil respiration

Monday, August 10, 2015
Exhibit Hall, Baltimore Convention Center
Edward Ayres, National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), Boulder, CO
Natchaya Pingintha-Durden, Fundamental Instrument Unit (FIU), National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON, Inc.), Boulder, CO
Jianwu Tang, The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, MA
Rommel Zulueta, National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON, Inc.), Boulder, CO
Background/Question/Methods

Soil CO2 efflux has traditionally been measured using chambers. However, over recent years the gradient method has been increasingly used to calculate CO2 fluxes based on measurements of the soil CO2 concentration profile and soil CO2 diffusivity. Soil CO2 concentration measurement depths should be chosen to meet the assumptions of the gradient method and remain within the sensors’ measurement range, but at most sites relevant information is not available, which makes selecting depths challenging. Here, we present the approach used by the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) to select three site-specific measurement depths at locations throughout the US. The approach was designed to fulfil four aims: 1) the shallowest depth should be as close to the soil surface as possible so that the entire soil-atmosphere CO2 flux can be determined; 2) the measurement depths should correspond to CO2 concentrations that do not exceed the sensors’ range (0-20,000 µmol mol-1); 3) the depths meet the assumption that CO2 production rates are similar between any two measurement depths; and 4) the depths maximize the extent of the soil CO2 profile, since this allows CO2 production rates at different depths to be determined over the largest possible portion of the soil profile.

Results/Conclusions

The approach uses three types of site-specific information: 1) a modeled estimate the soil CO2 concentration profile, 2) estimates of the soil CO2 production profile based on root biomass distribution, and 3) a soil profile description to ensure deployment depths reflect major changes in soil composition. Applying this approach to 17 sites located throughout the USA yielded measurement depths of 2 cm for the shallowest sensors, 4-10 cm for the middle depth, and 9-25 cm for the deepest depth, which are similar to depths used successfully at other sites. Future work will include validation of the assumptions that were used to select the measurement depths.