Climate change and invasive species are, individually, two of the greatest threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Both factors have driven wide-ranging alterations in species’ abundances, distributions and interactions, and they have resulted in local extinctions. In addition to their direct effects, climate change and invasions may interact, with changing environmental conditions increasing the success of invasive species. Climate change might also increase the impacts of invasive species on native ecosystems by altering invader abundance, range size, and/or per capita effects. This suggests the potential for a “double whammy” to native systems if they are simultaneously impacted both directly by climate change and indirectly by climate-driven increases in invasive species. However, the scope and magnitude of these potential interactive effects remains largely unexplored. This organized oral session brings together speakers whose recent research addresses three key questions underlying the hypothesis that climate change increases the impacts of invasive species. First, does climate change increase the relative success of invasive species? Second, how do existing metrics of invasion “success” relate to ecological impacts? And third, are invasive species’ impacts on native species and systems increased under changing environmental conditions? Speakers in this session address these questions across a range of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and using approaches from manipulative experiments to global syntheses.