Results/Conclusions: These results indicate that hardwood assemblages, dominated by metal tolerant species, were early colonizers and became successfully established in areas of high total soil metal load. Conversely shrub assemblages remain relatively absent from these areas for more than 25 years. In addition, two scenarios for future assemblage trajectory, the first considering soil metal mitigation as the result of metal adsorption to or occlusion with organic matter, and a second considering a soil metal feedback loop via continuous cycling of metals in the leaf litter are proposed. These data indicate that assembly theory allowing alternate stable stages may provide a better model than traditional directed succession for the establishment of restoration objectives on degraded sites.