Molecular ecology of drinking water distribution systems

Engineered drinking water systems helped eradicate life-threatening diseases from fecal-derived microorganisms (Cholera, Typhoid). However, because current regulations still focus on fecal indicator organisms (such as E. coli) to evaluate water quality, they fail to address other underlying health concerns. A variety of microorganisms persist in water systems, despite disinfection, and sometimes include pulmonary pathogens that are aerosolized during activities such as showering. Molecular ecology provides a new lens to view the true microbiology present in our drinking water. A better understanding of water distribution networks as microbial ecosystems can influence infrastructure material choices, design decisions, and regulatory and monitoring considerations.